CONTENTS
Contributing Authors xv
Senior Reviewers xvii
Preface xix
Acknowledgments xxi
How to Contribute xxiii
Cardiology 1
Case 1: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm 2
Case 2: Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema 3
Case 3: Acute Coronary Syndrome 4
Case 4: Aortic Dissection 6
Case 5: Acute Myocardial Infarction—Long-Term Management 8
Case 6: Aortic Regurgitation 9
Case 7: Atrial Fibrillation 10
Case 8: Cardiac Tamponade 12
Case 9: Congestive Heart Failure 14
Case 10: Deep Venous Thrombosis 16
Case 11: Dilated Cardiomyopathy (Alcoholic) 18
Case 12: Diastolic Heart Failure 20
Case 13: Aortic Stenosis 21
Case 14: Hypercholesterolemia 22
Case 15: Hypertension—Essential 23
Case 16: Hypertension—Renal Artery Stenosis 24
Case 17: Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy 26
Case 18: Infective Endocarditis 28
Case 19: Myocardial Infarction 30
Case 20: Papillary Muscle Rupture 32
Case 21: Pericarditis 34
Case 22: Peripheral Vascular Disease 36
Case 23: Mitral Regurgitation 37
Case 24: Second-Degree Heart Block 38
Case 25: Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome 40
Dermatology 43
Case 1: Acanthosis Nigricans 44
Case 2: Acne Vulgaris 46
Case 3: Atopic Dermatitis 47
Case 4: Basal Cell Carcinoma 48
Case 5: Bullous Pemphigoid 50
Case 6: Herpes Simplex 51
Case 7: Hidradenitis Suppurativa 52
Case 8: Kaposi Sarcoma 53
Case 9: Lichen Planus 54
Case 10: Molluscum Contagiosum 56
Case 11: Pemphigus 58
Case 12: Pityriasis Rosea 60
Case 13: Psoriasis 62
Case 14: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome 64
Case 15: Varicella-Zoster Virus 66
Case 16: Tuberous Sclerosis 68
Case 17: Onychomycosis 69
Case 18: Melanoma 70
Endocrinology 71
Case 1: Acromegaly 72
Case 2: Cushing’s Syndrome 74
Case 3: Adrenal Insuffi ciency (Addison’s Disease) 76
Case 4: Diabetes Insipidus 77
Case 5: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 78
Case 6: Diabetic Ketoacidosis 79
Case 7: Hyperthyroidism (Graves’ Disease) 80
Case 8: Hypokalemia (Hyperaldosteronism) 82
Case 9: Hyperparathyroidism 84
Case 10: Hypothyroidism (Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis) 85
Case 11: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia, Type I 86
Case 12: Metabolic Syndrome 88
Case 13: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia, Type II 89
Case 14: Osteoporosis 90
Case 15: Paget’s Disease of Bone 92
Case 16: Pheochromocytoma 94
Case 17: Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion 96
Case 18: Thyroid Nodule 98
Case 19: Subacute Granulomatous Thyroiditis (de Quervain’s Thyroiditis) 100
Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine 101
Case 1: Bias and Confounding 102
Case 2: Bioterrorism 104
Case 3: Breast Cancer Screening 106
Case 4: Cohort Studies 108
Case 5: Health Care Screening 109
Case 6: Incidence and Prevalence 110
Case 7: Infl uenza Vaccine 112
Case 8: Obesity Effects on Health 114
Case 9: Randomized Clinical Trial 116
Case 10: Sensitivity and Specifi city 118
Case 11: Reliability and Validity 120
Case 12: Positive Predictive Value, and Negative Predictive Value 121
Ethics and Legal Issues 123
Case 1: Confi dentially and Disclosure 124
Case 2: End-of-Life Issues (Advance Directives and Withdrawal of Care) 125
Case 3: Informed Consent 126
Case 4: Minors 127
Gastrointestinal 129
Case 1: Acute Cholecystitis 130
Case 2: Acute Pancreatitis 132
Case 3: Achalasia 134
Case 4: Carcinoid 135
Case 5: Colorectal Cancer 136
Case 6: Celiac Disease 138
Case 7: Diverticulitis 139
Case 8: Esophageal Carcinoma 140
Case 9: Gastroesophageal Refl ux Disease 141
Case 10: Hemochromatosis 142
Case 11: Hiatal Hernia 144
Case 12: Infl ammatory Bowel Disease 146
Case 13: Liver Cirrhosis 148
Case 14: Irritable Bowel Syndrome 150
Case 15: Peptic Ulcer Disease 151
Case 16: Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis 152
Case 17: Pseudomembranous Colitis 153
Case 18: Small Bowel Obstruction 154
Case 19: Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis 156
Case 20: Viral Hepatitis 157
Case 21: Wilson’s Disease 160
Case 22: Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome 162
Hematology/Oncology 163
Case 1: Acute Myelogenous Leukemia 164
Case 2: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia 166
Case 3: Amyloidosis 167
Case 4: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia 168
Case 5: Factor V Leiden 170
Case 6: Fanconi’s Anemia 171
Case 7: Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Defi ciency 172
Case 8: Hairy Cell Leukemia 174
Case 9: Hemophilia 175
Case 10: Hodgkin’s Lymphoma 176
Case 11: Microcytic Anemia 178
Case 12: Multiple Myeloma 180
Case 13: Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura 182
Case 14: Neutropenia 183
Case 15: Polycythemia 184
Case 16: Sickle Cell Anemia 186
Case 17: α-Thalassemia 188
Case 18: Hemorrhage, Drug-Induced 190
Case 19: Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura with Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome 191
Case 20: Porphyria 192
Case 21: Transplant Rejection 193
Case 22: von Willebrand’s Disease 194
Infectious Disease 195
Case 1: AZT-Induced Anemia 196
Case 2: Chlamydia 197
Case 3: Gonococcal Infection 198
Case 4: Histoplasmosis 200
Case 5: Infectious Mononucleosis 201
Case 6: Lyme Disease 202
Case 7: Malaria 204
Case 8: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus 206
Case 9: Necrotizing Fasciitis 208
Case 10: Neutropenic Fever 209
Case 11: Osteomyelitis 210
Case 12: Pneumocystosis 212
Case 13: Endocarditis 214
Case 14: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever 215
Case 15: Septic Arthritis 216
Case 16: Thrombophlebitis 217
Case 17: Urinary Tract Infection 218
Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue 219
Case 1: Ankylosing Spondylitis 220
Case 2: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 222
Case 3: Compartment Syndrome 223
Case 4: Dermatomyositis 224
Case 5: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy 225
Case 6: Herniated Lumbar Disk 226
Case 7: Gout 228
Case 8: Fibromyalgia 229
Case 9: Juvenile Rheumatic Arthritis 230
Case 10: Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease 231
Case 11: Osteosarcoma 232
Case 12: Rheumatoid Arthritis 234
Case 13: Scleroderma 236
Case 14: Spinal Stenosis 238
Case 15: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 240
Case 16: Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis 242
Case 17: Osteoarthritis 244
Case 18: Takayasu Arteritis 245
Case 19: Temporal Arteritis 246
Case 20: Polymyalgia Rheumatica 247
Neurology 249
Case 1: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 250
Case 2: Dementia 252
Case 3: Epidural Abscess 254
Case 4: Epidural Hematoma 256
Case 5: Glaucoma 258
Case 6: Glioblastoma Multiforme 260
Case 7: Guillain-Barré Syndrome 262
Case 8: Headache 264
Case 9: Huntington’s Disease 266
Case 10: Infantile Spasms 267
Case 11: Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia 268
Case 12: Benign Positional Paroxysmal Vertigo 269
Case 13: Meningitis 270
Case 14: Multiple Sclerosis 272
Case 15: Myasthenia Gravis 275
Case 16: Partial Complex Seizures 276
Case 17: Stroke 278
Case 18: Parkinson’s Disease 281
Case 19: Subacute Combined Degeneration 282
Case 20: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage 284
Case 21: Subdural Hematoma 286
Case 22: Tonic-Clonic Seizures 288
Case 23: Tabes Dorsalis 290
Obstetrics 291
Case 1: Abortion 292
Case 2: Contraception 293
Case 3: Deep Venous Thrombosis 294
Case 4: Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation 295
Case 5: Ectopic Pregnancy 296
Case 6: Fetal Monitoring 298
Case 7: Gestational Diabetes 300
Case 8: Hydatidiform Mole 302
Case 9: Hypertension 303
Case 10: Infertility 304
Case 11: Isoimmunization 305
Case 12: Mastitis 306
Case 13: Normal Labor 307
Case 14: Normal Physiology of Pregnancy 308
Case 15: Nutrition in Pregnancy 309
Case 16: Placental Abruption 310
Case 17: Perineal Laceration 312
Case 18: Placenta Previa 313
Case 19: Postpartum Infection 314
Case 20: Postpartum Hemorrhage 316
Case 21: Preeclampsia 317
Case 22: Postterm Pregnancy 318
Case 23: Prenatal Screening 320
Case 24: Preterm Labor 321
Case 25: Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes 322
Case 26: Pyelonephritis 323
Case 27: TORCH Infections 324
Case 28: Sheehan’s Syndrome 326
Gynecology 327
Case 1: Amenorrhea, Primary 328
Case 2: Amenorrhea, Secondary 330
Case 3: Breast Cancer 331
Case 4: Bacterial Vaginosis 332
Case 5: Cervical Cancer 334
Case 6: Chancroid 336
Case 7: Fibrocystic Breast Disease 338
Case 8: Endometriosis 340
Case 9: Fibroids 342
Case 10: Genital Warts 344
Case 11: Menopause 345
Case 12: Ovarian Cancer 346
Case 13: Cervicitis 347
Case 14: Pelvic Infl ammatory Disease 348
Case 15: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome 350
Case 16: Postmenopausal Bleeding 351
Case 17: Primary Syphilis 352
Case 18: Toxic Shock Syndrome 353
Case 19: Trichomonas 354
Case 20: Urinary Incontinence 356
Case 21: Vulvovaginal Candidiasis 357
Pediatrics 359
Case 1: Abuse 360
Case 2: Chronic Granulomatous Disease 362
Case 3: Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia 364
Case 4: Congenital Infections 365
Case 5: Crohn’s Disease 366
Case 6: Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip 368
Case 7: Croup 370
Case 8: Developmental Milestones 371
Case 9: Down Syndrome 372
Case 10: Duodenal Atresia 374
Case 11: Failure to Thrive 376
Case 12: Febrile Seizure 377
Case 13: Henoch-Schönlein Purpura 378
Case 14: Hirschsprung Disease 380
Case 15: Intussusception 382
Case 16: Kawasaki Disease 384
Case 17: Meningitis 385
Case 18: Necrotizing Enterocolitis 386
Case 19: Omphalocele 387
Case 20: Otitis Media 388
Case 21: Physiologic Jaundice 389
Case 22: Pyloric Stenosis 390
Case 23: Respiratory Distress in the Newborn 391
Case 24: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection 392
Case 25: Tay-Sachs Disease 393
Case 26: Tetralogy of Fallot 394
Case 27: Varicella 396
Case 28: Ventricular Septal Defect 398
Case 29: Wilms’ Tumor 399
Psychiatry 401
Case 1: Amphetamine Intoxication 402
Case 2: Alcoholism 404
Case 3: Anorexia Nervosa 405
Case 4: Attention-Defi cit/Hyperactivity Disorder 406
Case 5: Autism 407
Case 6: Bulimia 408
Case 7: Cocaine Dependence 410
Case 8: Conduct Disorder 412
Case 9: Delirium 413
Case 10: Dissociative Fugue 414
Case 11: Domestic Violence 415
Case 12: Factitious Disorder 416
Case 13: Generalized Anxiety Disorder 417
Case 14: Major Depression 418
Case 15: Personality Disorder, Cluster A 420
Case 16: Opioid Withdrawal 422
Case 17: Bipolar I Disorder 423
Case 18: Personality Disorder, Cluster B 424
Case 19: Personality Disorder, Cluster C 425
Case 20: Schizophrenia 426
Case 21: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 428
Case 22: Somatization Disorder 429
Case 23: Tourette’s Syndrome 430
Case 24: Suicidal Ideation 432
Pulmonary 433
Case 1: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 434
Case 2: Acute Respiratory Failure 436
Case 3: Asthma 438
Case 4: Atypical Pneumonia 440
Case 5: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 441
Case 6: Emphysema 442
Case 7: Lung Cancer 443
Case 8: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis 444
Case 9: Mesothelioma 446
Case 10: Pulmonary Embolus 447
Case 11: Pleural Effusion 448
Case 12: Pneumothorax 450
Case 13: Pulmonary Hypertension 452
Case 14: Sarcoidosis 453
Case 15: Tuberculosis 454
Case 16: Wegener’s Granulomatosis 456
Case 17: Sleep Apnea 458
Renal/Genitourinary 459
Case 1: Acid-Base Disorders 460
Case 2: Acute Interstitial Nephritis 461
Case 3: Acute Kidney Injury 462
Case 4: Acute Tubular Injury 464
Case 5: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia 466
Case 6: Chronic Kidney Disease 468
Case 7: Erectile Dysfunction 470
Case 8: Glomerulonephritis 472
Case 9: Hypercalcemia of Malignancy 474
Case 10: Hyperkalemia 476
Case 11: Hypernatremia 478
Case 12: Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State 479
Case 13: Hypocalcemia 480
Case 14: Nephrolithiasis 482
Case 15: Nephrotic Syndrome 483
Case 16: Polycystic Kidney Disease 484
Case 17: Renal Cell Carcinoma 486
Case 18: Renal Tubular Acidosis 487
Case 19: Renovascular Hypertension/Secondary Hypertension 488
Case 20: Testicular Cancer 490
Case 21: Traumatic Urethral Injury 491
Selected Topics in Emergency Medicine 493
Case 1: Acetaminophen Overdose 494
Case 2: Anaphylactic Shock 495
Case 3: Appendicitis, Acute 496
Case 4: Bites, Animal and Human 498
Case 5: Burn, Thermal 500
Case 6: Atrial Fibrillation 502
Case 7: Carbon Monoxide Poisoning 503
Case 8: Cardiac Arrest 504
Case 9: Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) 505
Case 10: Drowning 506
Case 11: Organophosphate Poisoning, Acute 508
Case 12: Retinal Detachment 510
Case 13: Supraventricular Tachycardia 512
Case 14: Sepsis 514
Case 15: Syncope 515
Case 16: Testicular Torsion 516
Case 17: Trauma, Fracture, Orbital 517
Case 18: Mesenteric Ischemia, Acute 518
Case 19: Trauma, Fracture, Pelvis 519
Case 20: Trauma, Penetrating, Neck 520
Case 21: Wernicke’s Encephalopathy 522
Case 22: Trauma, Penetrating, Abdomen 524
Appendix 525
Index 533
About the Authors 551
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