Content

1 Cellular and Autonomic Physiology 1
Case 1
Case 2
Case 3
Case 4
Case 5
Case 6
Case?
Case 8
Permeability and Simple Diffusion 2
Osmolarity, Osmotic Pressure, and Osmosis 7
Nernst Equation and Equilibrium Potentials 15
Primary Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis 22
Epidural Anesthesia: Effect of Lidocaine on Nerve Action Potentials 28
Myasthenia Gravis: Neuromuscular Transmission 32
Pheochromocytoma: Effects of Catecholamines 36
Shy-Drager Syndrome: Central Autonomic Failure 43
2 Cardiovascular Physiology 49
Case 9
Case 10
Case 11
Case 12
Case 13
Case 14
Case 15
Case 16
Case 17
Essential Cardiovascular Calculations 50
Ventricular Pressure-Volume Loops 59
Responses to Changes in Posture 66
Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise 71
Renovascular Hypertension: The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System 78
Hypovolemic Shock: Regulation of Blood Pressure 83
Primary Pulmonary Hypertension: Right Ventricular Failure 91
Myocardial Infarction: Left Ventricular Failure 98
Atrioventricular Conduction Block 104
3 Respiratory Physiology 109
Case 18
Case 19
Case 20
Case 21
Case 22
Case 23
Case 24
Essential Respiratory Calculations: Lung Volumes, Dead Space, and
Alveolar Ventilation 110
Essential Respiratory Calculations: Gases and Gas Exchange 117
Ascent to High Altitude 123
Asthma: Obstructive Lung Disease 128
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 139
Interstitial Fibrosis: Restrictive Lung Disease 147
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning 155
4 Renal and Acid-Base Physiology
Case 25 Essential Calculations in Renal Physiology 160
Case 26 Essential Calculations in Acid-Base Physiology 169
Case 27 Glucosuria: Diabetes Mellitus 176
Case 28 Hyperaldosteronism: Conn’s Syndrome 184
159
vii

viii CONTENTS
Case 29
Case 30
Case 31
Case 32
Case 33
Case 34
Case 35
Central Diabetes Insipidus 192
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH 200
Metabolic Acidosis: Diabetic Ketoacidosis 204
Metabolic Acidosis: Diarrhea 212
Metabolic Alkalosis: Vomiting 218
Respiratory Acidosis: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 225
Respiratory Alkalosis: Hysterical HypeNentilation 229
5 Gastrointestinal Physiology 233
Case 36
Case 37
Case 38
Case 39
Malabsorption of Carbohydrates: Lactose Intolerance 234
Peptic Ulcer Disease: Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome 239
Secretory Diarrhea: Escherichia coli Infection 246
Bile Acid Deficiency: Ileal Resection 252
G Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology 259
Case 40
Case 41
Case 42
Case 43
Case 44
Case 45
Case 46
Case 47
Case 48
Case 49
Case 50
Galactorrhea and Amenorrhea: Prolactinoma 260
Hyperthyroidism: Graves’ Disease 265
Hypothyroidism: Autoimmune Thyroiditis 273
Adrenocortical Excess: Cushing’s Syndrome 279
Adrenocortical Insufficiency: Addison’s Disease 286
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: 21 ~-Hydroxylase Deficiency 291
Primary Hyperparathyroidism 297
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy 303
Hyperglycemia: Type I Diabetes Mellitus 309
Primary Amenorrhea: Testicular Feminizing Syndrome 315
Male Hypogonadism: Kallmann’s Syndrome 319
Appendix 32:3
Index 325

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